MOVE A BALL USING CONTROLS IN JAVA

• Simple application game 
• You can move the ball using arrows
• Feel Free to ask question about it

• You can download the code for this simple project

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DATA TYPES CONVERSION IN C#

Type conversion is basically type casting or converting one type of data to another type. In C#, type casting has two forms:

• Implicit type conversion - these conversions are performed by C# in a type-safe manner. Examples are conversions from smaller to larger integral types and conversions from derived classes to base classes.
• Explicit type conversion - these conversions are done explicitly by users using the pre-defined functions. Explicit conversions require a cast operator.

Implicit conversion

For Example

using System;

namespace Project

{

  class Implicit

 {

    static void Main(String[] args)

   {

     double b=25.301;

    int i=(int)b;

    Console.WriteLine("Conversion to int :{o}",i);

    Console.ReadLine();

   }

 }

}

OUTPUT:

25

Following Methods for Explicit Function

S.N	Methods & Description
1	ToBoolean Converts a type to a Boolean value, where possible.
2	ToByte Converts a type to a byte.
3	ToChar Converts a type to a single Unicode character, where possible.
4	ToDateTime Converts a type (integer or string type) to date-time structures.
5	ToDecimal Converts a floating point or integer type to a decimal type.
6	ToDouble Converts a type to a double type.
7	ToInt16 Converts a type to a 16-bit integer.
8	ToInt32 Converts a type to a 32-bit integer.
9	ToInt64 Converts a type to a 64-bit integer.
10	ToSbyte Converts a type to a signed byte type.
11	ToSingle Converts a type to a small floating point number.
12	ToString Converts a type to a string.
13	ToType Converts a type to a specified type.
14	ToUInt16 Converts a type to an unsigned int type.
15	ToUInt32 Converts a type to an unsigned long type.
16	ToUInt64 Converts a type to an unsigned big integer.

For Example

using System;

namespace TypeC

{

  class Type

{

   static void Main(String[] args)

   {

    double b=123.045;

    int p=234;

    float q=25.09f;

   bool w=true;

   

   Console.WriteLine(b.ToString());

   Console.WriteLine(p.ToString());

 Console.WriteLine(q.ToString());

 Console.WriteLine(w.ToString());

  

    }

}

}

OUTPUT:

123.045

234

25.09

true

DATA TYPES IN C#

• Data types are same as java
• There are following data types in C#

Type	Represents	Range	Default Value
bool	Boolean value	True or False	False
byte	8-bit unsigned integer	0 to 255	0
char	16-bit Unicode character	U +0000 to U +ffff	'\0'
decimal	128-bit precise decimal values with 28-29 significant digits	(-7.9 x 1028 to 7.9 x 1028) / 100 to 28	0.0M
double	64-bit double-precision floating point type	(+/-)5.0 x 10-324 to (+/-)1.7 x 10308	0.0D
float	32-bit single-precision floating point type	-3.4 x 1038 to + 3.4 x 1038	0.0F
int	32-bit signed integer type	-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647	0
long	64-bit signed integer type	-923,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807	0L
sbyte	8-bit signed integer type	-128 to 127	0
short	16-bit signed integer type	-32,768 to 32,767	0
uint	32-bit unsigned integer type	0 to 4,294,967,295	0
ulong	64-bit unsigned integer type	0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615	0
ushort	16-bit unsigned integer type	0 to 65,535	0

• To get exact size of data type , we have special method known  as sizeof(int or float or byte or long..).
• For example

using System;

namespace Project1

{

  class FindSize

 {

   static void Main(String[] args)

  {

    Console.WriteLine("Size of int {0}",sizeof(int));

     Console.ReadLine();

  }

 }

}

OUTPUT

Size of int 4

INTRODUCTION TO C# AND HELLO WORLD MY FIRST PROGRAM

C# is general purpose,Object Oriented Programming Language Developed by Microsoft.

The following reasons make C# a widely used professional language:

• Modern, general-purpose programming language.
• Object oriented.
• Component oriented.
• Easy to learn.
• Structured language.
• It produces efficient programs.
• It can be compiled on a variety of  computer platform
• Part of .Net Framework

Strong Programming Features of C#

Although C# constructs closely follow traditional high-level languages C and C++ and being an object-oriented programming language, it has strong resemblance with Java, it has numerous strong programming features that make it endearing to multitude of programmers worldwide.

Following is the list of few important features:

• Boolean Conditions
• Automatic Garbage Collection
• Standard Library
• Assembly Versioning
• Properties and Events
• Delegates and Event Management
• Easy-to-use Generics
• Indexers
• Conditional Compilation
• Simple Multithreading
• LINQ and Lambda Expressions
• Integration with Windows

Hello World First Program

using System;

namespace Project1

{

    class Class1

    {

        static void Main(String[] args){

         /* my first program in C# */

        Console.WriteLine("Hello World");

        } 

    }

}

Output

Hello World

• The first line of the program using System; - the using keyword is used to include the Systemnamespace in the program. A program generally has multiple using statements.
• The next line has the namespace declaration. A namespace is a collection of classes. TheHelloWorldApplication namespace contains the class HelloWorld.
• The next line has a class declaration, the class HelloWorld contains the data and method definitions that your program uses. Classes generally would contain more than one method. Methods define the behavior of the class. However, the HelloWorld class has only one methodMain.
• The next line defines the Main method, which is the entry point for all C# programs. The Mainmethod states what the class will do when executed.
• The next line /*...*/ will be ignored by the compiler and it has been put to add additionalcomments in the program.
• The Main method specifies its behavior with the statement Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
• WriteLine is a method of the Console class defined in the System namespace. This statement causes the message "Hello, World!" to be displayed on the screen.
• The last line Console.ReadKey(); is for the VS.Net Users. This makes the program wait for a key press and it prevents the screen from running and closing quickly when the program is launched from Visual Studio .NET.

It's worth to note the following points:

• C# is case sensitive.
• All statements and expression must end with a semicolon (;).
• The program execution starts at the Main method.
• Unlike Java, file name could be different from the class name.

RUN APPLICATIONS BASED ON TEXT USING JAVA

• It is a simple application for running applications by typing names of applications
• I have not included all applications in this application(works for notepad and microsoft word only)
• Just type application name and click run button

SOURCE CODE 

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